VYTHENE - Synonyme de

Numéro CAS : 71-55-6

Identification

Description


Numéro UN : UN2831

Formule moléculaire brute : C2H3Cl3

Principaux synonymes

Noms français :

  • 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
  • 1,1,1-Trichloroéthane
  • Alpha-trichloroéthane
  • Chloroform, méthyl-
  • Chlorothène
  • Ethylidyne chloride
  • Méthylchloroforme
  • Méthyltrichlorométhane
  • Trichloro-1,1,1 éthane
  • Trichloroéthane
  • Éthane, 1,1,1-trichloro-

Noms anglais :

  • 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
  • Methyl chloroform
  • Methylchloroform
  • Méthyl chloroforme
Famille chimique
  • Hydrocarbure aliphatique halogéné
  • Hydrocarbure halogéné
Commentaires

Grâce à une combinaison de facteurs qui lui sont favorables en comparaison à d'autres solvants, notamment sa faible réactivité, sa non-inflammabilité, ses propriétés physiques et sa faible toxicité, le trichloro-1,1,1 éthane était largement utilisé en remplacement d'autres organochlorés plus toxiques et d'autres solvants inflammables. Mais il est en voie de bannissement car il contribue à la déplétion de la couche d'ozone; et il faut le remplacer.

Références

  • ▲1.  Cairelli, S.G., Ludwig, H.R. et Whalen, J.J., Documentation for immediately dangerous to life or health concentrations (IDLHS). Cincinnati (OH) : NIOSH. (1994). PB-94-195047. [RM-515102]   http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/intridl4.html
  • ▲2.  Handbook of organic industrial solvents. 6th ed. Chicago : Alliance of American Insurers. (1987). [RT-435005]
  • ▲3.  Drolet, D. et Beauchamp, G, Guide d'échantillonnage des contaminants de l'air en milieu de travail. Études et recherches / Guide technique, 8ème éd. revue et mise à jour. Montréal : IRSST. (2012). T-06. [MO-220007]   http://www.irsst.qc.ca
    https://www.irsst.qc.ca/publications-et-outils/publication/i/384/n/guide-d-echantillonnage-des-contaminants-de-l-air-en-milieu-de-travail
  • ▲4.  Truchon, G., Guide de surveillance biologique : prélèvement et interprétation des résultats. Études et recherches / IRSST, 5ème éd. Montréal : IRSST. (1999). T-03.   http://www.irsst.qc.ca http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/pubirsst/t-03.pdf
  • ▲4.  Truchon, G., Guide de surveillance biologique : prélèvement et interprétation des résultats. Études et recherches / IRSST, 5ème éd. Montréal : IRSST. (1999). T-03.   http://www.irsst.qc.ca http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/pubirsst/t-03.pdf
  • ▲5.  Imbriani, M., Ghittori, S. et Pezzagno, G., «1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) in urine as biological index exposure», American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 13, 1988, 211-222
  • ▲6.  Environnement Canada, L'élimination progressive du méthylchloroforme au Canada : les étapes à entreprendre afin de minimiser les difficultés de transition. Programme canadien de protection de la couche d'ozone. Ottawa : Environnement Canada. (1994). [MO-017244]
  • ▲7.  American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2022 TLVs and BEIs with 7th edition documentation CD-ROM. Cincinnati, OH : ACGIH. (2022). Publication 0111CD. [CD-120061]   http://www.acgih.org
  • ▲8.  Allan, R.E. et al., Patty's industrial hygiene and toxicology : toxicology. Vol. 2, part A, 4th ed. New York; Toronto : Wiley. (1993-1994).
  • ▲9.  France. Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, Fiche toxicologique no 26 : 1,1,1-Trichloroéthane. Cahiers de notes documentaires. Paris : INRS. (2007). [RE-005509]   http://www.inrs.fr/publications/bdd/fichetox.html
    http://www.inrs.fr/publications/bdd/fichetox/fiche.html?refINRS=FICHETOX_26
  • ▲10.  International Programme on Chemical Safety, Environmental Health Criteria 136: 1,1,1-Trichloroethane. Genève : World Health Organization. (1992). EHC136. [MO-007628]   http://www.inchem.org/pages/ehc.html
  • ▲11.  Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Toxicological profile for 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Atlanta, GA : ATSDR. (1995). [MO-016493]   http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/
  • ▲11.  Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Toxicological profile for 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Atlanta, GA : ATSDR. (1995). [MO-016493]   http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/
  • ▲12.  Ryan, R.P. et Terry, C.E., Toxicology desk reference : the toxic exposure and medical monitoring index, 1997-1998. Vol. 1, 4th ed. Washington D.C. : Taylor & Francis. (1998).
  • ▲13.  IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Re-evaluation of some organic chemicals, hydrazine and hydrogen peroxide : part 1. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, Vol. 71. Lyon : International Agency for Research on Cancer. (1999).   https://monographs.iarc.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/mono71.pdf http://www.iarc.fr
  • ▲14.  Grant, W.M. et Schuman, J.S., Toxicology of the eye : effects on the eyes and visual systems from chemicals, drugs, metals and minerals, plants, toxins and venoms; also, systemic side effects from eye medications. Vol. 1, 4th ed. Springfield (ILL.) : Charles C. Thomas. (1993). [RM-515030]
  • ▲15.  Fowler, J.F., «Contact urticaria to 1,1,1-trichloroethane», American Journal of Contact Dermatitis, 2, 4, 1992, 239 [AP-046743]
  • ▲16.  Ingber, A., «Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from methyl chloroform (1,1,1-trichloroethane)», Contact Dermatitis, 25, 1991, 193 [AP-034085]
  • ▲17.  Schardein, J.L., Chemically induced birth defects. 3ème rév. & expanded. New York : Dekker. (2000). [MO-122294]
  • ▲18.  Sullivan, F.M., Watkins, W.J. et van der Venne, M.Th., Reproductive toxicity. Vol. 1 : Summary reviews of the scientific evidence. Vol. 1. Luxembourg : Commission of the European Communities. (1993). EUR : 14991. [RM-515100]
  • ▲19.  Swedish National Chemicals Inspectorate, Effects on reproduction of dichloromethane, n-hexane and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Solna, Sweden : Swedish National Chemicals Inspectorate. (1991). [MO-019646]
  • ▲20.  Frazier, L.M. et Hage, M.L., Reproductive hazards of the workplace. New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold. (1998). [MO-020035]
  • ▲21.  Shepard, T.H., Catalog of teratogenic agents. 9th ed. Baltimore : The John Hopkins University Press. (1998). [RM-515003]
  • ▲22.  Pellizzari, E.D. et al., «Purgeable organic compounds in mother's milk.» Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Vol. 28, p. 322-328. (1982).
  • ▲23.  Fisher, J. et al., «Lactational transfer of volatile chemicals in breast milk.» American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 58, no. 6, p. 425-431. (1997). [AP-051996]
  • ▲24.  Hamada, T. et Tanaka, H., «Transfer of methyl chloroform, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene to milk, tissues and expired air following intraruminal or oral administration in lactating goats and milk-fed kids.» Environmental Pollution. Vol. 87, no. 3, p. 313-318. (1995).
  • ▲25.  United States Environmental Protection Agency et Office of Water, Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories. Washington. (2004).
  • ▲26.  IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks of Chemical to Humans, Some halogenated hydrocarbons. IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk, Vol. 20. Lyon : International Agency for Research on Cancer. (1979).   https://monographs.iarc.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/mono20.pdf
    http://www.iarc.fr
  • ▲27.  IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane and four other industrial chemicals. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, Vol. 130. Lyon : International Agency for Research on Cancer. (2022).   http://monographs.iarc.fr/
    Volume130.pdf
  • ▲27.  IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane and four other industrial chemicals. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, Vol. 130. Lyon : International Agency for Research on Cancer. (2022).   http://monographs.iarc.fr/
    Volume130.pdf
  • ▲28.  American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2019 TLVs® and BEIs® : threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices. Cincinnati (OH) : ACGIH. (2022). [NO-003164]   http://www.acgih.org
  • ▲29.  Règlement sur la santé et la sécurité du travail [S-2.1, r. 13]. Québec : Éditeur officiel du Québec. [RJ-510071]   http://legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/fr/ShowDoc/cr/S-2.1,%20r.%2013
  • ▲30.  ECHA (European Chemicals Agency) , Information on Chemicals (REACH). Helsinki, Finland.  

    http://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/registered-substances
    ECHA CHEM (europa.eu)


  • ▲31.  Canada. Ministère des transports, Règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses. Ottawa : Éditions du gouvernement du Canada. (2014). [RJ-410222]   http://www.tc.gc.ca/fra/tmd/clair-menu-497.htm
    http://www.tc.gc.ca/tmd/menu.htm

Autres sources d'information

  • National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH pocket guide to chemical hazards. 3 ed. Cincinnati, Ohio : NIOSH. (2007). [RM-514001]   https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/default.html
  • Mark, H.F., Grayson, M. et Eckroth, D., Kirk-Othmer encyclopedia of chemical technology. 3rd ed. New York : Wiley. (1978-84). [RT-423004]
  • Lenga, R.E., The Sigma-Aldrich library of chemical safety data. 2nd ed. Milwaukee : Sigma-Aldrich. (1988).
  • Bretherick, L., Handbook of reactive chemical hazards. 3rd ed. London; Boston : Butterworth-Heinemann. (1985). [RS-415001]
  • Canutec. Guide de premières mesures d'urgence. Ottawa : Centre d'Édition du Gouvernement du Canada. (1986).
  • «Results of first agency-mandated tests say 1,1,1-trichloroethane not teratogenic.» Industrial Hygiene Digest. Vol. 51, no. 8, p. 28-29. (1987). [AP-018901]
  • Verschuuren, H.G. et de Rooij, C.G., «Health risk assessment of environmental exposure to 1,1,1-trichloroethane.» Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. Vol. 11, p. 90-99. (1990). [AP-028028]
  • Royal Society of Chemistry, Organo-chlorine solvents : Health risks to workers. Luxembourg : C.E.C.. (1986). [MO-122805]
  • Torkelson, T. R., «Toxicity of 1,1,1-trichloroethane as determined on laboratory animals and human subjects.» American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 19, p. 253-362. (1958). [AP-021286]
  • Northfield, R.R., «Avoidable deaths due to acute exposure to 1,1,1-trichloroethane.» Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine. Vol. 31, p. 164-166. (1981). [AP-006423]
  • Woolverton, W.L. et Balster, R.L., «Behavioral and lethal effects of combinations of oral ethanol and inhaled 1,1,1-trichloroethane in mice.» Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 59, p. 1-7. (1989). [AP-020622]
  • Sittig, M., Handbook of toxic and hazardous chemicals. 2ème éd. Park Ridge ( N.J.) : Noyes Publications. (1985).
  • Health advisories for 25 organics. (1987). Microfiche : PB87-235578
  • Carchman, R., Davidson, I.W.F., Greenberg, M.M, Health assessment document for 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)., 1984 Microfiche : PB84-183565, EPA/600/00
  • Drinking water criteria document for 1,1,1-trichloroethane., 1985 Microfiche : PB86-118130
  • Byrne, T.R., Gilbert, D., Goyer, M., An exposure and risk assessment for trichloroethanes: 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane., 1982 Microfiche : PB85-220598
  • Department of Transportation, Emergency response guidebook : guidebook for first response to hazardous materials incidents. Washington, DC : U.S. Department of transportation. (1983).

La cote entre [ ] provient de la banque Information SST du Centre de documentation de la CNESST.