JET DEGLAZING M.I.S. 820/821 - Synonyme de

Numéro CAS : 75-09-2

Identification

Description


Numéro UN : UN1593

Formule moléculaire brute : CH2Cl2

Principaux synonymes

Noms français :

  • Chlorure de méthylène
  • Dichlorométhane
  • Methylene bichloride
  • Methylene dichloride

Noms anglais :

  • Dichloromethane
  • Methylene chloride
Famille chimique
  • Hydrocarbure aliphatique halogéné
Commentaires 1

Le chlorure de méthylène de qualité commerciale contient généralement un stabilisant pour le protéger des effets de l'air et de l'humidité. Les stabilisants les plus courants et leurs concentrations sont : l'éthanol, (0,1 à 0,2 %), le méthanol (0,1 à 0,2 %), le cyclohexane (0,01 à 0,03 %) et l'amylène (0,001 à 0,01 %). D'autres stabilisants peuvent aussi être utilisés, dont des composés phénoliques, des amines, des nitroalcanes, des éthers aliphatiques ou cycliques.

Dans les domaines alimentaire et pharmaceutique, le chlorure de méthylène utilisé comme solvant d'extraction, est de qualité technique, pur à plus de 99,99 %.

Utilisation et sources d'émission 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Le chlorure de méthylène est utilisé comme :

  • décapant à peinture et vernis
  • décapant pour résines photorésistantes
  • solvant de dégraissage
  • composant d'aérosols et de colles
  • agent d'expansion de mousses polyuréthanes  
  • solvant de procédé pour les films et fibres cellulosiques
  • agent d'extraction dans les industries alimentaires et pharmaceutiques
  • intermédiaire de synthèse dans la fabrication d'hydrofluorocarbones.

Jusqu'à récemment, le chlorure de méthylène était le solvant le plus utilisé comme décapant à peinture et vernis. Cette utilisation tend à être remplacée par des procédés à chaud sans solvant ou d'autres procédés chimiques à cause de ses effets nocifs sur la santé et l'environnement.

Il est utilisé comme solvant d'extraction pour la production de café décaféiné mais ce procédé tend à être remplacé par d'autres.

Son usage dans les cosmétiques en aérosol est interdit au Canada.

Références

  • ▲1.  Bohnet, M. et al., Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. 7th. Wiley InterScience (John Wiley & Sons). (2003-).   http://www3.interscience.wiley.com (http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/mrwhome/104554801/HOME)
  • ▲1.  Bohnet, M. et al., Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. 7th. Wiley InterScience (John Wiley & Sons). (2003-).   http://www3.interscience.wiley.com (http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/mrwhome/104554801/HOME)
  • ▲2.  Kroschwitz, J.I., Kirk-Othmer encyclopedia of chemical technology. 5th ed. Hoboken, N.J. : John Wiley & Sons. (2004-). [RT-423004]
  • ▲3.  O’Neil, M.J., Smith, A. et Heckelman, P.E., The Merck index : an encyclopedia of chemicals, drugs, and biologicals. 13th ed. Cambridge, MA : Cambridge Soft; Merck & CO. (2001). [RM-403001]
  • ▲3.  O’Neil, M.J., Smith, A. et Heckelman, P.E., The Merck index : an encyclopedia of chemicals, drugs, and biologicals. 13th ed. Cambridge, MA : Cambridge Soft; Merck & CO. (2001). [RM-403001]
  • ▲4.  France. Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, Fiche toxicologique no 34 : Dichlorométhane. Cahiers de notes documentaires. Paris : INRS. (2010). [RE-005509]   http://www.inrs.fr/publications/bdd/fichetox.html
    http://www.inrs.fr/publications/bdd/fichetox/fiche.html?refINRS=FICHETOX_34
  • ▲4.  France. Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, Fiche toxicologique no 34 : Dichlorométhane. Cahiers de notes documentaires. Paris : INRS. (2010). [RE-005509]   http://www.inrs.fr/publications/bdd/fichetox.html
    http://www.inrs.fr/publications/bdd/fichetox/fiche.html?refINRS=FICHETOX_34
  • ▲4.  France. Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, Fiche toxicologique no 34 : Dichlorométhane. Cahiers de notes documentaires. Paris : INRS. (2010). [RE-005509]   http://www.inrs.fr/publications/bdd/fichetox.html
    http://www.inrs.fr/publications/bdd/fichetox/fiche.html?refINRS=FICHETOX_34
  • ▲4.  France. Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, Fiche toxicologique no 34 : Dichlorométhane. Cahiers de notes documentaires. Paris : INRS. (2010). [RE-005509]   http://www.inrs.fr/publications/bdd/fichetox.html
    http://www.inrs.fr/publications/bdd/fichetox/fiche.html?refINRS=FICHETOX_34
  • ▲5.  Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Toxicological profile for methylene chloride (update). ATSDR. Atlanta, GA. (2000). [MO-124876]   http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/
    http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp.asp?id=234&tid=42
  • ▲5.  Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Toxicological profile for methylene chloride (update). ATSDR. Atlanta, GA. (2000). [MO-124876]   http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/
    http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp.asp?id=234&tid=42
  • ▲6.  Environnement Canada, Loi canadienne sur la protection de l'environnement : liste des substances toxiques (LCPE). (2002).   http://www.ec.gc.ca/RegistreLCPE/subs_list/Toxicupdate.cfm
  • ▲7.  Santé Canada, Liste critique des ingrédients dont l'utilisation est restreinte ou interdite dans les cosmétiques. Ottawa. (2007).   http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/person/cosmet/info-ind-prof/_hot-list-critique/hotlist-liste-fra.php
  • ▲8.  International Programme on Chemical Safety, Environmental Health Criteria 164: Methylene chloride. 2nd ed. Genève : World Health Organization. (1996). EHC164.   http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc164.htm
  • ▲8.  International Programme on Chemical Safety, Environmental Health Criteria 164: Methylene chloride. 2nd ed. Genève : World Health Organization. (1996). EHC164.   http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc164.htm
  • ▲9.  Cairelli, S.G., Ludwig, H.R. et Whalen, J.J., Documentation for immediately dangerous to life or health concentrations (IDLHS). Cincinnati (OH) : NIOSH. (1994). PB-94-195047. [RM-515102]   http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/intridl4.html
  • ▲10.  Lide, D.R., Handbook of Chemistry and Physics on CD-ROM. Version 2002. Boca Raton (FL) : Chapman & Hall / CRC Press. (2002).   www.crcpress.com
  • ▲11.  Verschueren, K., Handbook of environmental data on organic chemicals. 3rd ed. Toronto : Van Nostrand Reinhold. (1996). [RS-415005]
  • ▲12.  Hansch, C., Leo, A. et Hoekman, D., Exploring QSAR : hydrophobic, electronic and steric constants. ACS professional reference book, Vol. 2. Washington (D.C.) : American Chemical Society. (1995). [MO-005935]
  • ▲13.  American Industrial Hygiene Association, Odor thresholds for chemicals with established occupational health standards. Akron, OH : AIHA. (1989). [MO-129289]
  • ▲14.  Handbook of organic industrial solvents. 6th ed. Chicago : Alliance of American Insurers. (1987). [RT-435005]
  • ▲15.  Battle, L.A. et al., Bretherick's handbook of reactive chemical hazards. Vol. 1, 5th ed. Oxford; Toronto : Butterworth-Heinemann. (1995). [RS-415001]
  • ▲16.  National Fire Protection Association, Fire protection guide to hazardous materials. 13th ed. Quincy, Mass. : NFPA. (2002). [RR-334001]
  • ▲17.  Vincoli, J.W., Risk management for hazardous chemicals : G-Z. Vol. 2. Boca Raton : Lewis Publishers. (1997). [RM-515112]
  • ▲18.  Drolet, D. et Beauchamp, G, Guide d'échantillonnage des contaminants de l'air en milieu de travail. Études et recherches / Guide technique, 8ème éd. revue et mise à jour. Montréal : IRSST. (2012). T-06. [MO-220007]   http://www.irsst.qc.ca
    https://www.irsst.qc.ca/publications-et-outils/publication/i/384/n/guide-d-echantillonnage-des-contaminants-de-l-air-en-milieu-de-travail
  • ▲19.  Bégin, D. et Gérin, M., La substitution des solvants par le d-limonène. Bilans de connaissances / IRSST. Montréal : IRSST. (1999). B-057.   http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/B-057.pdf
    http://www.irsst.qc.ca
  • ▲20.  Gérin, M. et al., Substitution des solvants en milieu de travail : élaboration d'un outil pour l'intervention. Études et recherches / IRSST. Montréal : IRSST. (1995). R-098.   http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/R-098.pdf
    www.irsst.qc.ca
  • ▲21.  Bégin, D. et Gérin, M., La substitution des solvants par les esters d'acides dicarboxyliques (DBE) : adipate diméthylique, glutarate diméthylique, succinate diméthylique. Bilans de connaissances / IRSST. Montréal : IRSST. (1999). B-056.   http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/B-056.pdf
    http://www.irsst.qc.ca
  • ▲22.  Bégin, Denis et Gérin, Michel, Substitution de solvants. Études de cas d'implantation . Etudes et recherches. IRSST. (2001). R-269.   http://www.irsst.qc.ca/files/documents/PubIRSST/R-269.pdf
  • ▲23.  U.S. Environement Protection Agency, Profile of the Pharmaceutical Industry. Washington D.C.. (1997). EPA/310-R-97-005.   http://www.epa.gov/compliance/resources/publications/assistance/sectors/notebooks/pharmaceutical.html
  • ▲24.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Best Management Practices for Pollution Prevention in the Slabstock and Molded Flexible Polyurethane Foam Industry. Washington (D.C.) : EPA. (1996). EPA/625/R-96/005.   http://www.epa.gov/ORD/NRMRL/pubs/625r96005/625r96005.pdf
  • ▲25.  Bégin D. et Gérin M., La substitution des solvants par la N-méthyl-2-pyrrolidone. Bilan des connaissances/IRSST. Montréal : IRSST. (1999). B-058.   http://www.irsst.qc.ca/files/documents/PubIRSST/B-058.pdf
  • ▲26.  Règlement sur la santé et la sécurité du travail [S-2.1, r. 13]. Québec : Éditeur officiel du Québec. [RJ-510071]   http://legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/fr/ShowDoc/cr/S-2.1,%20r.%2013
  • ▲26.  Règlement sur la santé et la sécurité du travail [S-2.1, r. 13]. Québec : Éditeur officiel du Québec. [RJ-510071]   http://legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/fr/ShowDoc/cr/S-2.1,%20r.%2013
  • ▲35.  Centre canadien d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail, CHEMINFO, Hamilton, Ont. : Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety   http://ccinfoweb.ccohs.ca/cheminfo/search.html
  • ▲35.  Centre canadien d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail, CHEMINFO, Hamilton, Ont. : Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety   http://ccinfoweb.ccohs.ca/cheminfo/search.html
  • ▲36.  Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Kommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe, Occupational toxicants : critical data evaluation for MAK values and classification of carcinogens. Weinheim; New York : VCH. (1991-). [MO-020680]   www.wiley-vch.de
    www.mak-collection.com
    http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/book/10.1002/3527600418/topics
  • ▲37.  Bingham, E., Cohrssen, B. et Powell, C.H., Patty's toxicology. A Wiley-Interscience publication, 5ème éd. New York (NY) : John Wiley & Sons. (2001). [RM-214008]
  • ▲38.  Patty, F.A., Patty's industrial hygiene and toxicology. Vol. 2, 3rd ed. New York : John Wiley & Son. (1978).
  • ▲39.  DiVicenzo, G.D. et Kaplan, C.J., «Uptake, metabolism and elimination of methylene chloride vapor in humans.» Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 59, no. 1, p. 130-140. (1981). [AP-123188]
  • ▲40.  Fiserova-Bergerova, V., «Toxicokinetics of organic solvents.» Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. Vol. 11, suppl. 1, p. 7-21. (1985). [AP-009795]
  • ▲41.  Heimburger, G. et Lundberg, P., Criteria documents from the Nordic Expert group. Arbete och Halsa, Vol. 40. Solna, Suède : Arbets Miljo Institutet. (1987). [MO-011650]   https://gupea.ub.gu.se/dspace/handle/2077/3194?locale=en https://gupea.ub.gu.se/handle/2077/4073
  • ▲42.  Engstrom, J. et Bjurstrom, R., «Exposure to methylene chloride. Content in subcutaneous adipose tissue.» Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. Vol. 3, p. 215-224. (1977). [AP-024920]
  • ▲43.  Peterson, J.E., «Modeling the uptake, metabolism and excretion of dichloromethane by man.» American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 39, no. 1, p. 41-47. (1978).
  • ▲44.  Stewart, R.D. et Dodd, H.C., «Absorption of carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, methylene chloride and 1,1,1-trichloroethane through the human skin..» American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 25, p. 439-446. (1964).
  • ▲45.  Institut national de l'environnement industriel et des risques (INERIS), Fiche de données toxicologiques et environnementales des substances chimiques. Dichlorométhane. (2003).   http://www.ineris.fr/ Dans Rapports d'étude, Toxicologie et environnement, Fiche de données
  • ▲46.  Illing, H.P.A. et Shillaker, R.O., «Toxicity review 12 : dichloromethane (methylene chloride).» Her Majesty's Stationery Office (Health and Safety Executive). Vol. 12, p. 1-91. (1985).
  • ▲47.  Dhillon, S. et Von-Burg, R., «Toxicology Update. Methylene chloride.» Journal of Applied Toxicology. Vol. 15, no. 4, p. 329-335. (1995). [AP-035845]
  • ▲48.  American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices / Documentation of TLV's and BEI's. 7th ed. Cincinnati, Ohio : ACGIH. (2001-). Publication #0100Doc. [RM-514008]   http://www.acgih.org
  • ▲48.  American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices / Documentation of TLV's and BEI's. 7th ed. Cincinnati, Ohio : ACGIH. (2001-). Publication #0100Doc. [RM-514008]   http://www.acgih.org
  • ▲49.  Kobayashi, A. et al., «Severe optic neuropathy caused by dichloromethane inhalation.» Journal of Ocular Pharmacalogy and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 24, no. 6, p. 607-612. (2008).
  • ▲50.  Jacubovich, R.M. et al., «Facial Nerve Palsy After Acute Exposure to Dichloromethane.» American Journal of Industrial Medicine. Vol. 48, p. 389-392. (2005).
  • ▲51.  Agency for toxic substances and diseases registry (ATSDR), ADDENDUM TO THE TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR METHYLENE CHLORIDE. ATSDR. Washington D.C. : US department of Healt and Human services. (2010).   https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/methylene_chloride_addendum.pdf
  • ▲52.  Bonfiglioli, R. et al., «Bilateral Hearing Loss after Dichloromethane Poisoning: A case report.» American Journal of Industrial Medicine. Vol. 57, no. 2, p. 254-257. (2014).
  • ▲53.  Ellenhorn, M.J. et Barceloux, D.G., Medical toxicology : diagnosis and treatment of human poisoning. New York : Elsevier Science Publishing. (1988). [RM-514021]
  • ▲54.  Langehennig, P.L., Seeler, R.A. et Berman, E., «Paint removers and carboxyhemoglobin.» New England Journal of Medicine. Vol. 295, no. 20, p. 1137. (1976). [AP-035145]
  • ▲55.  ECHA (European Chemicals Agency) , Information on Chemicals (REACH). Helsinki, Finland.  

    http://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/registered-substances
    ECHA CHEM (europa.eu)


  • ▲56.  Schardein, J.L., Chemically induced birth defects. 3ème rév. & expanded. New York : Dekker. (2000). [MO-122294]
  • ▲57.  Barlow, S.M. et Sullivan, F.M., Reproductive hazards of industrial chemicals : an evaluation of animal and human data. London (Toronto) : Academic Press. (1982). [RM-515020]
  • ▲58.  Sullivan, F.M., Watkins, W.J. et van der Venne, M.Th., Reproductive toxicity. Vol. 1 : Summary reviews of the scientific evidence. Vol. 1. Luxembourg : Commission of the European Communities. (1993). EUR : 14991. [RM-515100]
  • ▲59.  Swedish National Chemicals Inspectorate, Effects on reproduction of dichloromethane, n-hexane and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Solna, Sweden : Swedish National Chemicals Inspectorate. (1991). [MO-019646]
  • ▲60.  Narotsky, M.G. et Kavlock, R.J., «A multidisciplinary approach to toxicological screening. II, Developmental toxicity.» Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Vol. 45, no. 2, p. 145-171. (1995). [AP-047328]
  • ▲61.  Taskinen, H., Lindbohm, M.L. et Hemminki, K., «Spontaneous abortions among women working in the pharmaceutical industry.» British Journal of Industrial Medicine. Vol. 43, p. 199-205. (1986). [AP-012087]
  • ▲62.  Schwetz, B.A., Leong, B.K.L. et Gehring, P.J., «The effect of maternally inhaled trichloethylene, perchloroethylene, methyl chloroform and methylene chloride on embryonal and fetal development in mice and rats.» Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 32, p. 84-96. (1975). [AP-003536]
  • ▲63.  Hardin, B.D. et Manson, J.M., «Absence of dichloromethane teratogenicity with inhalation exposure in rats.» Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 52, no. 1, p. 22-28. (1980). [AP-018445]
  • ▲64.  Bornschein, R.L., Hastings, L. et Manson, J.M., «Behavioral toxicity in the offspring of rats following maternal exposure to dichloromethane.» Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 52, p. 29-37. (1980). [AP-018446]
  • ▲65.  Jankovic, J. et Drake, F., «A screening method for occupational reproductive health risk.» American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 57, no. 7, p. 641-649. (1996). [AP-049865]
  • ▲66.  Withey, J.R. et Karpinski, K., «The fetal distribution of some aliphatic chlorinated hydrocarbons in the rat after vapor phase exposure.» Biological research in pregnancy and perinatology. Vol. 6, p. 79-88. (1985). [AP-048336]
  • ▲67.  Mukhametova, I.M. et Vozovaya, M.A., «Reproductive power and the incidence of gynecological effects in female workers exposed to the combined effect of benzene and chlorinated hydrocarbons.» Gigiena Truda I Professional'Nye Zabolevaniya. Vol. 16, no. 11, p. 6-9. (1972). [AP-024775]
  • ▲68.  Anders, M.W. et Sunram, J.M., «Transplacental passage of dichloromethane and carbon monoxide.» Toxicology Letters. Vol. 12, p. 231-234. (1982). [AP-000189]
  • ▲69.  Nishio, A. et al., «Studies on the teratogenicity of dichloromethane in rats.» Bulletin of the Kagoshima Agricultural College . Vol. 34, p. 95-103. (1984). [AP-048351]
  • ▲70.  Raje, R. et al., «Evaluation of in vivo mutagenicity of low-dose methylene chloride in mice.» Journal of the American College of Toxicology. Vol. 7, no. 5, p. 699-703. (1988). [AP-022489]
  • ▲71.  Stijkel, A. et Reijnders, L., «Implementation of the precautionary principle in standards for the workplace.» Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Vol. 52, p. 304-312. (1995). [AP-047771]
  • ▲72.  Nitschke, K.D. et al., «Methylene chloride : two-generation inhalation reproductive study in rats.» Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. Vol. 11, no. 1, p. 60-67. (1988).
  • ▲73.  National Toxicology Program, Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of dichloromethane (methylene chloride) (cas : no. 75-09-2) in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (inhalation studies). Technical report series / NTP; 306. Research Triangle Park : NTP. (1986). Microfiche : PB86-187903   https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/tr306
  • ▲74.  Kelly, M., «Case reports of individuals with oligospermia and methylene chloride exposures.» Reproductive Toxicology. Vol. 2, no. 1, p. 13-17. (1988). [AP-048276]
  • ▲75.  Kjellstrand, P. et al., «Effects of solvent exposure on testosterone levels and butyrylchlolinesterase activity in mice.» Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 57, no. 4, p. 242-249. (1985). [AP-134284]
  • ▲76.  Wells, V.E. et al., «Letter to the editor.» Reproductive Toxicology. Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 281-282. (1989).
  • ▲77.  Nitschke, K.D. et al., «Methylene chloride : a 2-year inhalation toxicity and oncogenicity study in rats.» Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. Vol. 11, p. 48-59. (1988).
  • ▲78.  Pellizzari, E.D. et al., «Purgeable organic compounds in mother's milk.» Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Vol. 28, p. 322-328. (1982).
  • ▲79.  Shelley, M.L., Andersen, M.E. et Fischer, J.W., «A risk assessment approach for nursing infants exposed to volatile organics through the mother's occupational inhalation exposure.» Applied Industrial Hygiene. Vol. 4, no. 1, p. 21-26. (1989). [AP-024815]
  • ▲80.  Fisher, J. et al., «Lactational transfer of volatile chemicals in breast milk.» American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 58, no. 6, p. 425-431. (1997). [AP-051996]
  • ▲81.  Byczkowski, J. Z., Gearhart, J. M. et Fisher, J. W., «"Occupational" exposure of infants to toxic chemical via breast milk.» Nutrition. Vol. 10, no. 1, p. 43-48. (1994). [AP-048033]
  • ▲82.  Poitrast, B.J., Keller, W.C. et Elves, R.G., «Estimation of chemical hazards in breast milk.» Aviation space and environmental medicine. Vol. 59, no. 11, p. A87-A92. (1988). [AP-026093]
  • ▲83.  United States Environmental Protection Agency et Office of Water, Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories. Washington. (2004).
  • ▲84.  Theiss, J.C. et al., «Test for carcinogenicity of organic contaminants of united states drinking waters pulmonary tumor response in strain a mice.» Cancer Research. Vol. 37, p. 2717-2720. (1977). [AP-021346]
  • ▲85.  IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks of Chemicals to Humans, Some halogenated hydrocarbons and pesticide exposures. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks, Vol. 41. Lyon : International Agency for Research on Cancer. (1987).   https://monographs.iarc.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/mono41.pdf
    http://www.iarc.fr
  • ▲86.  IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Re-evaluation of some organic chemicals, hydrazine and hydrogen peroxide : part 1. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, Vol. 71. Lyon : International Agency for Research on Cancer. (1999).   https://monographs.iarc.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/mono71.pdf http://www.iarc.fr
  • ▲87.  Environnement Canada, Liste des substances d'intérêt prioritaire : rapport d'évaluation : dichlorométhane. Loi canadienne sur la protection de l'environnement : liste des substances d'intérêt prioritaire, rapport d'évaluation. Ottawa : Approvisionnements et services Canada. (1993). [MO-010894]   http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ehp/dhm/catalogue/dpc_pubs/cepa/dichloromethane.pdf
  • ▲88.  Dell, L. D. et al., «Critical review of the epidemiology literature on the potential cancer risks of methylene chloride.» International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. Vol. 72, no. 7, p. 429-442. (1999). [AP-057965]
  • ▲89.  Serota, D.G. et al., «A two-year drinking water study of dichloromethane in rodents. I. rats.» Food and Chemical Toxicology. Vol. 24, no. 9, p. 951-958. (1986). [AP-018473]
  • ▲90.  Serota, D.G. et al., « A two-year drinking water study of dichloromethane in rodents. II. mice.» Food and Chemical Toxicology. Vol. 24, no. 9, p. 959-963. (1986).
  • ▲91.  Kari, F.W . et al., «Effect of varying exposure regimens on methylene chloride-induced lung and liver tumors in female B6C3F1 mice.» Carcinogenesis. Vol. 14, no. 5, p. 819-826. (1993).
  • ▲92.  Maltoni, C, Cotti, G. et Perino, G., «Long-term carcinogenicity bioassays on methylene chloride administered by ingestion to Sprague-Dawley rats and Swiss and B6C3F mice and by inhalation..» In: Living in a chemical world : occupational and environmental significance of industrial carcinogens. Vol. 534, p. 352-366. New York : New York Academy of science. (1988). [MO-013169]
  • ▲93.  Kitchin, K.T. et Brown, J.L., «Biochemical effects of three carcinogenic chlorinated methanes in rat liver.» Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis. Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 61-69. (1989).
  • ▲94.  Foley, J.F. et al., «Inhalation exposure to hepatocarcinogenic concentration of methylene chloride does not induce sustained replicative DNA synthesis in hepatocytes of female B6C3F1 mice.» Carcinogenesis. Vol. 14, no. 5, p. 811-817. (1993).
  • ▲95.  Maronpot, R.R. et al., «Hepatic and pulmonary carcinogenicity of methylene chloride in mice: a aserch for mechanisms.» Toxicology. Vol. 102, no. 1-2, p. 73-81. (1995).
  • ▲96.  Kanno, F.W. et al., «Effect of methylene chloride inhalation on replicative DNA synthesis in the lungs of female B6C3F1 mice.» Environmental Health Perspectives. Vol. 101, no. Suppl. 5, p. 271-276. (1993).
  • ▲97.  IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Some Chemicals Used as Solvents and in Polymer Manufacture . IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks, Vol. 110. Lyon : IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks. (2016).   http://monographs.iarc.fr/
    http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol110/mono110.pdf
  • ▲97.  IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Some Chemicals Used as Solvents and in Polymer Manufacture . IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks, Vol. 110. Lyon : IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks. (2016).   http://monographs.iarc.fr/
    http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol110/mono110.pdf
  • ▲98.  American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2019 TLVs® and BEIs® : threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices. Cincinnati (OH) : ACGIH. (2022). [NO-003164]   http://www.acgih.org
  • ▲99.  American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Guide to occupational exposure values - 2019. Cincinnati, Ohio : ACGIH. (2019). Publication #0395. [RM-519020]   http://www.acgih.org
  • ▲100.  Report on Carcinogens, 15th edition. Research Triangle Park, NC : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Program. (2021).   https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/pubhealth/roc/index-1.html
  • ▲101.  Löf, A. et Johanson, G., «Toxicokinetics of organic solvents : A review of modifying factors.» Critical Reviews in Toxicology. Vol. 28, no. 6, p. 571-650. (1998).
  • ▲102.  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, RTECS (Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances). Hamilton (Ont) : Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety.   http://ccinfoweb.ccohs.ca/rtecs/search.html
  • ▲102.  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, RTECS (Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances). Hamilton (Ont) : Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety.   http://ccinfoweb.ccohs.ca/rtecs/search.html
  • ▲103.  Bingham, E., Cohrssen, B. et Powell, C.H., Patty's toxicology. A Wiley-Interscience publication. New York (Toronto) : John Wiley. (2001-). [RM-214008]   http://www3.interscience.wiley.com (http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/mrwhome/104554795/HOME)
  • ▲104.  American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, «Dichloromethane.» In: Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices / Documentation of TLV's and BEI's. Cincinnati, Ohio : ACGIH. (2001). Publication #0100Doc.   http://www.acgih.org
  • ▲105.  Laham, S., Potvin, M. et Schrader, K., «Etudes toxicologiques sur le dichlorométhane, un solvant simulant l'intoxication par l'oxyde de carbone.» Toxicological European Research. Vol. 1, no. 2, p. 63-73. (1978).
  • ▲106.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, «METHYLENE CHLORIDE (CAS Reg. No. 75-09-2) CH2Cl2.» In: INTERIM ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS (AEGLs). (2009).   https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-08/documents/methylene_chloride_interim_dec_2008_v1.pdf
  • ▲107.  Benbrahim-Tallaa, L. et al., «Carcinogenicity of perfluorooctanoic acid, tetrafluoroethylene, dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloropropane, and 1,3-propane sultone.» The Lancet Oncology. Vol. 15, no. 9, p. 924-925. (2014).
  • ▲108.  Canada. Ministère des transports, Règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses. Ottawa : Éditions du gouvernement du Canada. (2014). [RJ-410222]   http://www.tc.gc.ca/fra/tmd/clair-menu-497.htm
    http://www.tc.gc.ca/tmd/menu.htm

Autres sources d'information

  • Methylene chloride (dichloromethane) : an overview of experimental work investigating species, differences in carcinogenicity and their relevance to man. Technical report no. 34. Bruxelles : European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals. (1989). [MO-360197]   http://www.ecetoc.org
  • Centre d'écologie et de toxicologie de l'industrie chimique européenne, The assessment of carcinogenic hazard for human beings exposed to methylene chloride. Technical report / ECETOC; 26. Bruxelles : ECETOC. (1987).   https://www.ecetoc.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ECETOC-TR-026.pdf
  • Barrowcliff, D.F. et Knell, A.J., «Cerebral damage due to endogenous chronic carbon monoxide poisoning caused by exposure to methylene chloride.» Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine. Vol. 29, no. 1, p. 12-14. (1979). [AP-024239]
  • Wells, G.G. et Waldron, H.A., «Methylene chloride burns.» British Journal of Industrial Medicine. Vol. 41, p. 420. (1984). [AP-004466]
  • National Toxicology Program, Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of dichloromethane (methylene chloride) (cas : no. 75-09-2) in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (inhalation studies). Technical report series / NTP; 306. Research Triangle Park : NTP. (1986). Microfiche : PB86-187903   https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/tr306
  • Bayard, S., Bayliss, D., Davidson, I., Health assessment document for dichloromethane (methylene chloride)., 1985 Microfiche : PB85-191559, EPA/600/21

La cote entre [ ] provient de la banque Information SST du Centre de documentation de la CNESST.